When two Ashadha fall in a year, Kokila Vrat is celebrated from first Purnima (of Ashadha) to second Purnima. Kokila means Koyal (कोयल). When Sati died in Daksha Yagya, her next birth due to lord Shiva curse was of Kokila. In that form of Kokila, she did Vrat and Puja of lord Shiva during Ashadha (Purnimasi to Purnimasi) — out of this, she met lord Shiva in the form of Parvati.
So this Vrat is essentially for women for their husbands, in which they worship lord Shiva and listen or read this Katha.
Devotees of Shiva should observe Vrat (fast) this day, and should read Shiva Purana. One thing to understand is, when a wife and husband don’t discuss their plans but take action as each one wishes disaster may come, as it came in Sati’s life.
There is also a Kolila Van (कोकिला वन) related to Shani (Saturn), but above Vrat Katha is related to lord Shiva and Parvati.
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